Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science

What is the primary function of a server in a network?

1. A computer hosting data for others to access

2. A device managing network security

3. A storage medium for local files

4. A client device accessing data

The correct answer is: A computer hosting data for others to access

The primary function of a server in a network is to host data and provide resources for other devices, commonly referred to as clients, to access. This role is essential in various applications, such as file sharing, web hosting, email services, and database management. Servers are optimized to manage requests from multiple clients simultaneously, ensuring that users can access the required data and services efficiently. In contrast, while managing network security is important, it typically falls under the responsibilities of network appliances like firewalls or dedicated security servers, rather than being a fundamental defining trait of a server itself. A storage medium for local files refers more to personal computing devices or local storage solutions, which do not serve the broader networking functions typical of a server. Finally, client devices are those that access data and services provided by servers, rather than fulfilling the server's role within the network ecosystem. Therefore, the role of a server as a computer hosting data for others is fundamental and most accurately describes its primary function.